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Best Non-Toxic Face Wash in 2025
Updated:
Aug 28, 2025
Written by Camille May
Cofounder & Product Curator
+ 1 more
Medically reviewed by Olushola Awoyemi
PhD Environmental Toxicology
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What we look for:
- Simple formulas with fully natural or safe synthetic ingredients
- No parabens, PEGs, phthalates, harsh sulfates, BHA/BHT, artificial dyes, formaldehyde or formaldehyde-releasing ingredients, or undisclosed synthetic fragrance (unless certified safe)
- Minimal, non-irritating preservatives
- EU-compliant brands with third-party certifications when available
- Full transparency around sourcing, ingredients, and manufacturing practices
Find Non-Toxic Face Wash
No items found.
Gentle Gel Everyday Face Cleanser - Honest Beauty
Welpr Rating
4.9
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$14.99
Product Details
- Washes away dirt and impurities without over drying, leaving skin feeling fresh.
- Hydrates and soothes skin, preventing dryness or a stripped feeling.
- Infused with chamomile and calendula extracts to calm and refresh skin.
- Free from parabens, phthalates, SLS, dyes, SLES, PEGs, and synthetic fragrances.
- Safe for sensitive skin, dermatologist tested, and cruelty-free.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Contains clean, non-toxic ingredients that are EWG-verified.
- Effective at removing makeup without causing irritation.
- Gentle on the skin, leaving it feeling soft and moisturized.
- Features a pleasant natural scent that many users enjoy.
- Comes with a convenient pump dispenser for easy use.
Cons
- Some users with dry skin might find it slightly drying.
- For those sensitive to strong scents, the fragrance might be a bit overpowering.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water (Aqua), Sodium Laurylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate, Glycerin, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Sodium Chloride, Sorbitol, Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate, Lauryl Glucoside, Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, Yucca Schidigera Root Extract, Saponaria Officinalis Extract, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Hydrolyzed Quinoa, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Lavandula Hybrida Oil, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Pogostemon Cablin Leaf Oil, Anthemis Nobilis Flower Oil, Cymbopogon Martini Oil, Abies Sibirica Oil, Gluconolactone, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Benzoate, Coconut Acid, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Sorbic Acid, Linalool
Men's Face Wash - HygieneLab
Welpr Rating
4.9
/5
Certifications
Highlights
User Satisfaction
Est. Price
$25.00
Product Details
- Verified clean by EWG, ensuring the product is free from harmful chemicals.
- Free from parabens, sulfates, phthalates, and fragrances for peace of mind.
- Gentle and effective cleansing with plant-derived ingredients, suitable for all skin types.
- Nourishes and revitalizes skin with niacinamide, panthenol, vitamin C, and aloe.
- Made in California with complete ingredient transparency.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Features natural, clean ingredients perfect for health-conscious users.
- Leaves skin feeling fresh without causing breakouts, suitable for sensitive skin.
- Moisturizing effect without the tightness experienced with other face washes.
- Positive results reported by both men and women.
- No harmful chemicals as verified by independent apps.
Cons
- Some users may find the scent unpleasant or feel it doesn't clean effectively enough.
Ingredients
Ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate (Plant-Derived), Niacinamide, Caprylyl Glycol, Xanthan Gum, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Panthenol, Phytic Acid, Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, Sodium Hyaluronate, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (Vitamin C)
Turmeric Glow Foaming Cleanser - Kora Organics
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$47.00
Product Details
- Effectively washes away dirt, oil, and impurities, leaving your skin feeling clean and refreshed.
- Enriched with peppermint and palo santo for a deep yet gentle cleanse that energizes your skin.
- Combines Certified Organic ingredients like turmeric and aloe to unveil radiant skin without dryness.
- Free from artificial fragrances or colors, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
- Completely cruelty-free and vegan, aligning with a commitment to clean beauty.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Makes skin feel clean and invigorated.
- Contains natural ingredients that provide a cooling effect.
- Lightens sunspots and clears up breakouts effectively.
- Aromatic scent with refreshing peppermint fragrance.
- Safe choice for health-conscious users, EWG verified, and phthalate-free.
- Chic glass bottle looks elegant and minimizes plastic use.
Cons
- Some users received broken packaging, so handle with care if ordering online.
- Glass bottle might be heavy for those preferring lighter packaging.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Water/Aqua/Eau, Glycerin, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Coco-Glucoside, Decyl Glucoside, Capryloyl/Caproyl Methyl Glucamide, Sclerotium Gum, Lactobacillus Ferment, Glyceryl Oleate, Lauroyl/Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide, Xylityl Sesquicaprylate, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil, Citric Acid, Saccharide Isomerate, Lactobacillus, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Anhydroxylitol, Bursera Graveolens Wood Oil, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Root Extract, Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract, Potassium Sorbate, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Oil, Leuconostoc Ferment Filtrate, Ocimum Basillicum (Basil) Oil, Rosa Centifolia Flower Oil, Sodium Citrate, Tocopherol, Soybean Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate, Limonene, Citronellol, Geraniol
Refreshing Face Wash With Ayurvedic Lemon Oil, Peppermint & Organic Flaxseed - Arata
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$10.61
Product Details
- Gently exfoliates the skin with natural apricot seed powder and organic flax seeds.
- Offers natural radiance and bounce with peppermint leaf and lemon oil.
- Controls excess oil and prevents sebum build-up for a balanced skin environment.
- Nutrient-rich organic flax seeds provide essential nourishment for supple skin.
- All-natural, vegan, and cruelty-free, making it safe for health-conscious individuals.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Contains clean, non-toxic ingredients.
- EWG verified for safety and quality.
- Great for sensitive skin, including those with rosacea.
- Effective in delivering a natural glow and refreshing feel.
- Suitable for preteen acne treatment.
Cons
- Some users find the smell unpleasant.
- Smaller packaging may not last long for frequent users.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Purified Aqua, Flax Seed Extract, Decyl Glucoside (Coconut Oil Extract), Prunisarmeniaca (Apricot) Seed Powder, Propanediol (Natural Moisturiser), Dehydroxanthan Gum (Sugar Based Thickener), Hydrolyzed Corn Starch (Corn Starch Extract), Beta Vulgaris (Beet Root Extract), Caprylhydroxamic Acid (And) Caprylyl Glycol (And) Glycerin, Sodium Gluconate (Natural Chelating Agent), Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon Oil) Extract, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil
Balancing Foaming Face Cleanser for Oily Skin - Codex Labs
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$25.00
Product Details
- Reduces oiliness and clears pores without stripping moisture or harming the microbiome.
- Infused with ShaantComplex and glycolipids for gentle exfoliation and oil reduction.
- Purifies and refreshes using micellar water-based technology for radiant skin.
- Doubles as a makeup remover and is non-comedogenic and non-acnegenic.
- Combines biotech science with plant-based ingredients for a microbiome-friendly cleanse.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Excellent for oily and acne-prone skin, effectively reducing redness and oiliness.
- Gentle on skin, making it ideal for sensitive types.
- Leaves skin feeling clean without drying out.
- Pleasant scent is appreciated by many users.
Cons
- Some users with acne-prone skin noticed increased breakouts.
- May not effectively remove makeup for those who regularly use cosmetics.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water (Aqua), Glycerin, Lactobacillus Ferment, Propanediol, Coco-Glucoside, Lactobacillus, Heptyl Glucoside, Coco-Betaine, Glycolipids, Fucus Spiralis (Spiral Wrack) Extract, Tetraselmis Chui Extract, Centella Asiatica Leaf Extract, Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Oil, Octyldodecanol, Pogostemon Cablin (Patchouli) Leaf Extract, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Sorbate, Citric Acid, Heptanol, Xanthan Gum
Gentle Jelly Cleanser - DIME Beauty
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$24.00
Product Details
- Gently cleanses and nourishes skin while removing excess oil, dirt, impurities, and makeup.
- Formulated with naturally-derived ingredients like coconut, vitamin E, and lycopene for nourishment and protection against free radicals.
- Infused with strawberry oil for a pleasing aroma and added skin benefits.
- Suitable for all skin types, including sensitive, oily, and blemish-prone skin.
- Committed to vegan, cruelty-free, and environmentally safe formulations for peace of mind.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Effectively cleans without causing dryness or irritation.
- Leaves skin feeling soft, hydrated, and refreshed.
- Ideal for sensitive skin and those looking for a gentle option.
- Features clean, non-toxic ingredients.
- Great customer service and quick replacement policy.
Cons
- The scent may not appeal to individuals sensitive to smells.
- Bottle design could be fragile, especially in bathrooms with hard surfaces.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water, Decyl Glucoside, Coco Glucoside, Glycerin, Glyceryl Oleate, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Xanthan Gum, Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Oil, Lycopene, Tocopherol, Phenylpropanol, Ethylhexylglycerin
Le Cleanser Gel To Milk Daily Face Cleanser - Dore
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$26.00
Product Details
- Gentle yet effective in transforming from a gel to milk texture for easy application and removal.
- Thoroughly removes makeup, including waterproof mascara, without over-drying the skin.
- Fragrance-free and suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
- Leaves skin perfectly clean and hydrated after every rinse.
- Cruelty-free, fragrance-free, and eczema-safe with clean, simple, and effective ingredients.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Leaves skin feeling amazing and clean without drying it out.
- Composed mostly of high-quality and non-toxic ingredients.
- Gentle and suitable for sensitive skin types, including those with rosacea.
- Transforms from gel to milk for a soothing cleansing experience.
Cons
- Some users might find the milky texture unusual or not sufficiently refreshing.
- A few users with makeup routines felt the cleanser wasn’t as effective alone.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Aqua (Water/Eau), Sucrose Laurate, Sucrose Palmitate, Benzyl Alcohol, Centaurea Cyanus Flower Water, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Water, Dehydroacetic Acid, Lilium Candidum Flower Extract, Citric Acid, Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract, Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Sorbate
Fantastic Face Wash - Ursa Major
Welpr Rating
4.85
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$15.00
Product Details
- Provides a thorough and invigorating cleanse without stripping skin of moisture.
- Formulated with naturally derived ingredients like soothing aloe and moisturizing rice seed.
- Free from petrochemicals, sulfates, synthetic fragrances, or colors.
- Suitable for normal, combination, oily, and acne-prone skin.
- Can be used daily, in the morning, evening, or post-workout.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Made with clean, natural ingredients and free from harsh chemicals.
- Refreshes and clears skin without drying, suitable for sensitive skin.
- Vegan and cruelty-free, ideal for those avoiding toxins.
- Subtle and calming scent with cedar, spearmint, and rosemary.
- Effective in removing makeup and impurities.
Cons
- Some users find the scent strong or overpowering.
- May be slightly drying for users with already dry skin.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice*, Lauryl Glucoside, Cocoglucoside, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Water/Aqua/Eau, Inulin, Glyceryl Laurate, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate, Xylitylglucoside, Anhydroxylitol, Xylitol, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Extract*, Camellia Sinensis (White Tea) Leaf Extract*, Vaccinium Myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruit/Leaf Extract, Saccharum Officinarum (Sugar Cane) Extract, Acer Saccharum (Sugar Maple) Extract, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract, Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Extract, Picea Mariana (Black Spruce) Needle Oil*, Pseudotsuga Menziesii (Fir) Needle Oil*, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf/ Flower Water, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Water*, Citrus Paradisi (Pink Grapefruit) Peel Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Peel Oil, Artemisia Ludoviciana (Owyhee) Leaf Oil, Juniperus Virginiana (Cedar) Wood Oil, Tanacetum Annuum (Blue Tansy) Flower Oil, Nardostachys Chinensis (Spikenard) Root Oil, Vetiveria Zizanioides (Vetiver) Root Oil, Mentha Spicata (Spearmint) Leaf Oil, Sodium Phytate, Alcohol, Pca Glyceryl Oleate, Citric Acid, Gluconolactone, Sodium Benzoate, (* Denotes Organic)
PHAZE Rebalance Clarifying Cleanser - PAI SKINCARE
Welpr Rating
4.7
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$49.00
Product Details
- Targets blemishes without stripping skin, leaving it clearer and balanced.
- Designed for blemish-prone skin, suitable for even the most sensitive skin types.
- Great for oily, combination, and congested skin, maintaining skin hydration.
- Formulated with vegan, organic, and natural ingredients, excluding harmful additives.
- Provides a sweet, citrus scent with lime, frankincense, and rosemary oils.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Gently cleanses sensitive skin without causing breakouts or redness.
- Convenient size for on-the-go use after a workout or long day.
- Refreshing fragrance reminiscent of a spa, adding to the cleansing experience.
- Effective for blemish-prone skin with clean, quality ingredients.
- Foams and lathers well, ensuring good coverage with minimal product.
- Great for sensitive or perimenopausal skin, improving skin texture.
Cons
- Some users may find the scent too chemical-like.
- Could be drying for those with already dry skin.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aqua (Water), Decyl Glucoside, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Lauryl Glucoside, Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Glycerin**, Caprylyl/Capryl Glucoside, Inulin, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Levulinate, Gluconolactone, Glyceryl Oleate, Sorbitan Caprylate, Sodium Anisate, Saccharide Isomerate, Sodium Phytate, Fructose, Citrus Aurantifolia Peel Oil* (Lime Oil), Boswellia Neglecta Resin Oil* (Frankincense Oil), Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Oil* (Rosemary Oil), Maltodextrin, Sodium Citrate, Hydrolyzed Gardenia Florida Extract (Gardenia Extract), Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract (Gardenia Extract), Citric Acid (* Denotes Organic)
acid (wash) Natural Lactic Acid Skin Illuminating Cleanser - Agent Nateur
Welpr Rating
4.65
/5
Certifications
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User Satisfaction
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Est. Price
$65.00
Product Details
- Gently exfoliates and revives all skin types for a radiant glow.
- Infused with premium organic ingredients to improve skin texture and clarity.
- Lavender flower water base hydrates and relieves dry skin.
- Ideal for dry, damaged, or sun-burnt skin, leaving it silky and revitalized.
- Free from toxic ingredients, ensuring a non-irritating cleansing experience.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Contains natural ingredients that are great for hydrating and reducing redness.
- Ideal for combination and sensitive skin, providing a balance without stripping natural oils.
- Leaves skin feeling clean and radiant, offering a gentle exfoliation.
- Features a natural scent that enhances the cleansing experience.
- Can be used daily as part of a skincare routine.
Cons
- Some users with very sensitive skin may experience irritation.
- Mature or dry skin types might find it overly cleansing.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Water, Aqua, Glycerin, Xanthan Gum, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Alcohol, Paeonia Officinalis (Peony) Root Extract, Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Leaf) Juice, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil, Lactic Acid, Lauryl Glucoside, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate, *Benzyl Alcohol, Dehydroacetic Acid, Linalool, Limonene
Our Product Rating System
First, Camille (co-creator of Welpr) hand picks cleaner product options from a variety of sources.
Next, we collect information about each product's safety, consumer satisfaction, and eco-ethical standing.
Finally, we run all this information through an algorithm that calculates the Welpr Rating.
Welpr Rating:
5.0/5
Part 1: Product safety
We evaluate safety information from 3rd party organizations (e.g. EWG, Made Safe, etc.). Instead of relying solely on any one of these companies for safety information, we assess all of them.
Part 2: Consumer satisfaction
We scour the web for consumer ratings and reviews to verify products are not only cleaner options, but also effective. Products can either be Above Average, Average, or Below average for their respective category (e.g. cleaning products).
Part 3: Ethics & Environment
When you buy a product, you’re supporting that company with your dollars. We believe it’s important to support ethical companies, so we pool together certifications that verify a company's ethics and environmental impact.
Common Harmful Chemicals in Face Wash
Chemical Name
Why it’s harmful
Benzethonium Chloride
Benzalkonium chloride, when used as a spermaticide, can cause vaginal irritation. A fatal dose by ingestion is 1-3 grams, with symptoms including vomiting, convulsions, and coma. It is corrosive to eyes, a skin irritant, and can cause allergic contact dermatitis, methemoglobinemia and hemolysis. It has a potential to kill within 1-3 hours if concentrated solutions are ingested. Despite the threat it poses, there are no data on its carcinogenicity or teratogenicity and it doesn't interfere with embryo development in rats.
Butylparaben
Butylparaben, a chemical used in various products, has been shown to cause skin irritation in humans and potential sensitization in dermatitis patients. Animal studies indicate that it has low to moderate oral toxicity and can cause damage to the liver, spleen, and thymus. It can also lead to cell proliferation in rats' stomachs, though it was not found to be carcinogenic or mutagenic. However, it may negatively impact sperm viability and activity, as demonstrated in different in vitro and in vivo studies. Lastly, it proposed weaker aquatic toxicity compared to parabens with longer alkyl chains, but still showed estrogenic effects in certain fish species.
Cetrimonium Bromide
Cetrimonium Bromide is a versatile substance utilized in various products, including topical anti-bacterial and anti-fungal preparations, cosmetics, hair care, throat lozenges, antiseptic gels, and vaccine production. It serves as a surfactant and emulsifier and typically requires skin contact to cause a rash. Its applications range from skincare and haircare products to throat lozenges and vaccine production.
Ethylparaben
Ethylparaben is a chemical used as a preservative in various products including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and adhesives. It exhibits low toxicity in humans and animals, but can cause skin irritation, particularly when applied to damaged skin, and may worsen pre-existing skin conditions. Despite causing cell proliferation in rats' forestomachs and chromosomal aberrations in a hamster ovary cell test, it has shown no evidence of causing cancer. However, it was found to be toxic to fetuses at doses toxic to the mother, though it did not cause malformations (nonteratogenic). Interestingly, while it impacted sperm viability in lab conditions, it showed no negative effects on mouse sperm in actuality.
Sources:
Campaign For Safe Cosmetics: Parabens, Product Profile: Hand Sanitizer, Parabens At A Glance, What to Know About Parabens, The effects of ethylparaben and propylparaben on the development and fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster, Ethylparaben, Amended Safety Assessment of Parabens as Used in Cosmetics, WHAT ARE PARABENS: CHEMICAL FREE LIVING, Biomonitoring Summary
Isobutylparaben
Isobutylparaben belongs to the paraben family of preservatives used in the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care product industries. Parabens mimic estrogen and have been found in breast cancer tumors in some studies. Parabens are commonly found in various personal care products and foods and have been associated with endocrine disruption, skin cancer risk, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and potential behavioral changes in offspring when exposed during gestation.
Isopropylparaben
Isopropylparaben belongs to the parabens family of preservatives utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care sectors. Parabens have estrogen-mimicking properties and pose a potential risk as endocrine disruptors. Research has detected parabens in the breast cancer tumors of a significant number of studied women, raising concerns about their safety and hormonal effects.
Methylparaben
Methylparaben is an antimicrobial preservative used in food, drugs, and cosmetics. Some individuals can develop contact dermatitis on skin exposure, and allergic reactions have been reported on ingestion, though the evidence is not conclusive. Data from animal studies suggest that methylparaben is practically non-toxic and non-irritating in normal skin conditions, with high thresholds for observed adverse effects. However, it showed chromosome aberrations in a cell assay and variable results in different uterotrophic assays. An ecotoxicity study found changes in the expression of certain genes at specific concentrations in male medaka, a type of fish.
Phthalate
Phthalates, linked to endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and cancer, are banned in the European Union but remain prevalent in U.S. cosmetics. They are widely used in personal care products, such as nail polish, fragrances, and eyelash glue and other products. A significant loophole allows phthalates to be added to fragrances without disclosure. Health concerns include endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity.
Sources:
Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: Phthalates, Product Profile: Hand Sanitizer, Phthalates in Cosmetics, Phthalates in cosmetic and personal care products: concentrations and possible dermal exposure, A Survey of Phthalates and Parabens in Personal Care Products from the United States and Its Implications for Human Exposure, Phthalates Factsheet, BPA and Phthalates: Chemicals found in our homes
Polyethylene
Ethylene is a colorless gas used in various applications, from welding to manufacturing plastics and accelerating fruit ripening. Human exposure to high concentrations can cause memory disturbances, loss of consciousness, and even death by suffocation, as it affects the respiratory center in the brain. Chronic exposure has been associated with sensory and cardiovascular alterations. Animal studies show that prolonged exposure can cause decreased food intake, changes in blood cells, and hypertension, but no substantial changes in behavior, body weight, or organ structure were observed. It is metabolized into carcinogenic and mutagenic ethylene oxide in some species, but no significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was found in rodents exposed to ethylene.
Polyethylene Glycol
Ingestion or dermal absorption of the chemical at more than 800-1000 mg/kg/day can lead to central nervous system depression and liver and kidney changes in animals, despite there being no significant developmental toxicity. The chemical acts as an eye irritant; however, it is poorly absorbed through the skin. Unanticipated side effects are unlikely unless there is exposure to mists of heated liquid. Notably, animal feeding studies have shown that the chemical could damage the CNS, liver, kidneys, red blood cells, and the reproductive system.
Polyquaternium
Polyquaternium, modified polymers through quaternization are known for skin toxicity and allergenicity. Prolonged exposure, especially for hairdressers and janitors, may pose risks. It's found in various products, including hair conditioners, creams, and household cleaning items. Concerns include skin irritation, formaldehyde release, and contact dermatitis. Regulations in the EU limit Quaternium-15 to 0.2% in cosmetics, while the US lacks specific regulations.
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly found in cosmetics, particularly anti-aging products, is favored for its smooth finish. PTFE is trademarked as Teflon® and is also used in non-stick cookware. However, concerns have arisen due to its fluorinated nature, linking it and similar compounds to delayed menstruation, delayed breast development, and cancer. These ingredients can be found in various cosmetic products like foundation, pressed powder, bronzer, blush, eye shadow, mascara, shave gel, lip balm, and anti-aging lotion.
Propylparaben
Propylparaben is a stable, non-volatile compound utilized as an antimicrobial preservative in food, drugs, and cosmetics. Human exposure can cause sensitization especially if applied to damaged skin and may cause contact sensitivity with high concentrations. Extensive animal studies reveal that propylparaben is relatively non-toxic, yet it can mildly irritate skin, affect sperm counts in substantial levels, and trigger cell proliferation in the forestomach of rats. However, it is not carcinogenic, mutagenic, or clastogenic, and a significant no-observed-adverse-effect level was reported in rats. Ecotoxicity studies show that it can lead to an increase in plasma vitellogenin levels in rainbow trout and a significant decline of vitellogenin production in zebrafish at varying concentrations.
Titanium Dioxide
The study on 1,576 U.S. workers exposed to TiO2 for over a year from 1956 to 1985 showed no increase in lung cancer or chronic respiratory disease, and no cases of pulmonary fibrosis. Cases of pulmonary fibrosis related to TiO2 exposure have been reported, possibly due to silica contamination. There are no listed effects for short-term or long-term exposure. Although NIOSH recognises ultrafine TiO2 as a potential occupational carcinogen, data is insufficient to classify fine TiO2 similarly. Epidemiological studies do not provide clear evidence of lung cancer risks from TiO2 dust exposure.
Benzalkonium Chloride
Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is an organic salt known for its robust antimicrobial properties, effective against various bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is frequently employed in healthcare settings like hospitals for disinfecting instruments and surfaces. Additionally, BAC is present in many consumer items, including hand sanitizers, wipes, eye solutions, nasal sprays, and personal care products such as soaps and shampoos. Although typically safe when used as instructed, BAC can lead to skin and eye irritation, particularly at elevated concentrations.
Sources:
Ecological Risk Analysis for Benzalkonium Chloride, Benzethonium Chloride, and Chloroxylenol in US Disinfecting and Sanitizing Products, Evaluation of pulmonary toxicity of benzalkonium chloride and triethylene glycol mixtures using in vitro and in vivo systems, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds in Cleaning Products, Impact of benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and chloroxylenol on bacterial antimicrobial resistance, Benzalkonium Chloride, SpecialChem: benzalkonium-chloride, Impact of benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and chloroxylenol on bacterial antimicrobial resistance
Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine is a chemical found in various consumer products like shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Acute exposure in humans can result in irritation of the nose, throat, and skin. However, no detailed data is available on its chronic, reproductive, developmental or carcinogenic effects on humans. Studies on animals reveal that acute oral exposure can influence the liver, blood, kidney, and central nervous system, while dermal exposure has been connected with an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice. Production of first-degree burns, skin irritation, occupational asthma, kidney, and liver injury risk, and potential skin sensitization are some other adverse effects associated with diethanolamine.
Sources:
Chemical Safety Facts: Ethanolamines, NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Diethanolamine, California Environmental Protection Agency: Diethanolamine , International Agency for Research on Cancer: Diethanolamine, Initial List of Hazardous Air Pollutants with Modifications, What is the Toxics Release Inventory?, OPINION CONCERNING DIALKYL- AND DIALKANOLAMINES AND THEIR SALTS IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS, Ethanolamine Compounds (MEA, DEA, TEA And Others), WHAT ARE ETHANOLAMINE COMPOUNDS (DEA, MEA, OR TEA): CHEMICAL FREE LIVING, The Dirty Dozen: DEA-related ingredients, FDA: Diethanolamine, Chemical Profile: Diethanolamine ,
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a colorless, flammable gas with a pungent smell that's naturally produced in small quantities in human bodies and is also known as methanal amongst other names. It's used in the production of various items such as fertilizers, paper, plywood, and urea-formaldehyde resins as well as in some foods and household products like antiseptics, medicines, and cosmetics. Exposure to formaldehyde, which can occur through breathing contaminated indoor air, tobacco smoke, or ambient urban air can lead to respiratory symptoms, irritation of the eyes, nose and throat and has been linked to lung and nasopharyngeal cancer as well as leukemia. The EPA considers formaldehyde a probable human carcinogen (Group B1) and inhaling it can cause bronchospasm and pulmonary edema. Commercially, it's sold as formalin in solutions of 37%, 44%, or 50% and long-term exposure can cause first-degree burns, skin sensitization, squamous cell nasal cancer, and chronic pulmonary obstruction.
Sources:
Formaldehyde and Cancer Risk, Cleaning Products & Indoor Air Quality, No More Toxic Tub, Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: Preservatives, Campaign for Safe Cosmetics: Formaldehyde And Formaldehyde-Releasing Preservatives, Formaldehyde may be found in cosmetic products even when unlabelled, Formaldehyde Found in Popular American Beauty Products, Hair Salons - Formaldehyde in Your Products, Formaldehyde in cosmetic products
Quaternium-15
Quaternium-15 is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics which is known to significantly contribute to allergic contact dermatitis in users. This condition has been reported in various professions, including hairdressers, machine maintenance engineers at a chicken processing plant, and photocopy workers. Notably, Quaternium-15, as a formaldehyde releaser, increases dermatitis risk. However, rinse-off products typically pose a lower risk of resulting in allergic contact dermatitis.
Authors
Camille May, Product Curator
Olushola M. Awoyemi, Medical Reviewer
