Best Non-Toxic Self Tanner in 2025
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What we look for:
- Thoughtful formulas made with natural or safe synthetic ingredients
- Free from parabens, PEGs, phthalates, harsh sulfates, BHA/BHT, artificial dyes, formaldehyde-releasing ingredients, and undisclosed synthetic fragrance (unless certified safe)
- Minimal, well-chosen preservatives
- Trusted third-party certifications when available
- Transparent sourcing, ingredient lists, and manufacturing practices
Find Non-Toxic Self Tanner
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Self Tanner Body Lotion - Beauty By Earth
Product Details
- Achieve a natural, sun-kissed glow without orange hues suitable for all skin types.
- Made with natural ingredients like organic aloe vera and shea butter, avoiding harmful additives or dyes.
- Safe for use on both face and body, providing a seamless, all-over tan.
- Easy application ensures a streak-free tan without staining sheets or clothes.
- Enjoy long-lasting results that maintain a beautiful glow with proper care.
- Choose from various USA-made options to find your perfect tanning solution.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Delivers a natural-looking tan that is streak-free.
- Formulated to be non-toxic, vegan, and cruelty-free.
- Features a pleasant, mild scent that does not linger.
- Dries quickly and doesn't transfer onto clothing or sheets.
- Suitable for sensitive skin users without causing irritation.
Cons
- May enhance dark spots or freckles, so those with many might prefer cautious use.
- Some users with sensitive noses might still perceive a slight tanning lotion scent.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aqua, *Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, *Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Dihydroxyacetone (Sugar Beet Derived), Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, *Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, *Glycerin (Vegetable), *Camellia Oleifera (Japanese Green Tea) Leaf Extract, *Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Extract, *Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract, *Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract, *Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, *Argania Spinosa Kernel (Argan) Oil, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Pulp Extract, Vanilla Tahitensis (Vanilla) Fruit Extract *Certified Organic Ingredients
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Self Tanner Face Tanning Lotion - Beauty By Earth
Product Details
- Choose from fair to medium or medium to dark shades for a natural-looking tan.
- Achieve a glowing bronze in just a few hours with a fast-acting, quick-drying formula.
- Enjoy a clean and cruelty-free product made in the USA with natural and organic ingredients.
- Easily apply for even coverage using exfoliating gloves and a tanning mitt.
- Experience a gentle, beachy glow anytime with nourishing, skin-friendly ingredients.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Provides a natural-looking glow that isn't orange or blotchy.
- Suitable for sensitive skin, reducing the risk of irritation.
- Smells pleasant with a light coconut or vanilla aroma.
- Easy application with no streaks or uneven color.
- Contains trusted ingredients and is well-loved by long-term users.
Cons
- Some users may experience skin itching due to DHA.
- Those seeking a very dark tan may find multiple applications necessary.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water, *Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, *Glycerin, Dihydroxyacetone, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Cetearyl Olivate And Sorbitan Olivate, Isostearyl Isostearate, *Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, *Camellia Oleifera (Japanese Green Tea) Leaf Extract, *Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Extract, *Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract, *Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract, *Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, *Argania Spinosa Kernel (Argan) Oil, Magnesium Stearate, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Citric Acid, Vanilla Tahitensis (Vanilla) Fruit Extract *Certified Organic Ingredient
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Body & Face Self Tanner Drops - Beauty By Earth
Product Details
- Achieve a custom, sunless tan by adjusting the color to match your skin tone.
- Formulated with natural and organic ingredients for a flawless, odorless tan.
- Nourishing ingredients hydrate your skin, ensuring streak-free application.
- Safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, for a natural-looking tan.
- Mix easily with your favorite moisturizer for a convenient, travel-friendly solution.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Delivers a natural, sun-kissed glow without harmful UV exposure.
- Made with organic and toxin-free ingredients, perfect for sensitive skin.
- Customizable tan intensity, allowing you to achieve your desired shade.
- Blends smoothly with moisturizers for a streak-free application.
- No harsh chemical smells, supporting a pleasant user experience.
- Vegan and cruelty-free, aligning with ethical beauty standards.
Cons
- Some users with sensitive skin may experience a slight orange hue if not applied correctly.
- May take a few tries to find the perfect drop-to-lotion ratio for the desired color.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, Dihydroxyacetone, *Glycerin, Erythrulose, *Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, *Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Squalane, *Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract, *Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, *Calendula Officinalis (Marigold) Flower Extract, *Camellia Sinesis (Green Tea) Flower Extract, *Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Extract, *Vanilla Tahitensis (Vanilla) Fruit Extract, Propanediol, Xanthan Gum, Citric Acid, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate *Certified Organic Ingredients
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Self Tanner Mousse - Beauty By Earth
Product Details
- Formulated with clean, organic ingredients for a safe and natural-looking glow.
- Achieves a sun-kissed glow with no orange tones and a streak-free finish.
- Quick-drying formula that absorbs quickly without transferring onto clothes.
- Free from dyes and toxins, using natural ingredients for hydrated skin.
- No artificial fragrances; contains the natural scent of pure essential oils.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Applies easily with a lightweight mousse texture and no sticky residue.
- Natural, sun-kissed color with no orange tones or streaks.
- Made with organic and natural ingredients, perfect for sensitive skin.
- Doesn't stain clothes or linens and has a pleasant, subtle scent.
- Gradually fades without patchiness, maintaining an even tan.
Cons
- Some users found the smell noticeable, described as similar to maple syrup.
- Colorless formula may require practice to ensure even application.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Water (Aqua), Dihydroxyacetone (DHA), Vegetable Glycerin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Decyl Glucoside, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Panthenol, *Ilex Paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) Leaf Extract, *Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Extract, *Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, *Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, *Rosmarinus (Rosemary) Leaf Officinalis Extract, *Pinus Strobus (Pine) Bark Extract, *Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract, *Yucca Schidigera Root Extract, Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Essential Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Flower Essential Oil, Farnesol (And) Linalool, Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, *Certified Organic Ingredients
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Self Tan Lotion - Green People
Product Details
- Gives you a natural-looking tan without sun exposure or toxic ingredients.
- Uses plant-derived DHA to develop a healthy glow within 3 hours.
- Formulated without synthetic fragrance or artificial colorants.
- Made with certified organic palm oil sourced sustainably, without contributing to deforestation or habitat loss.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- No unpleasant or overpowering smell, just a subtle herbal fragrance.
- Non-allergenic formula, suitable for sensitive skin types.
- Easy to apply with natural-looking results and no streaking.
- Highly recommended for repeated use due to consistent results.
Cons
- Some users might need to apply lotion to dry spots for even coverage.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aqua (Pure Water), Dihydroxyacetone (From Sugar And Starch), Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil*^, Cetearyl Alcohol (Emulsifying Plant Wax), Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil*, Rosa Canina (Rosehip) Seed Oil*, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil*, Cetearyl Glucoside (Plant Derived Emulsifier), Glyceryl Stearate (Plant Derived Emulsifier), Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice Powder*, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate (Plant Derived Emulsifier), Aroma [Santalum Spicata (Sandalwood) Wood Oil*, Vetiveria Zizanoides (Vetivert) Root Oil*^, Commiphora Myrrha (Myrrh) Oil, Pelargonium Graveolens (Rose Geranium) Oil*^], Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract, Benzyl Alcohol, Salicylic Acid, Sorbic Acid, Glycerin, Geraniol*, Citronellol*, Isoeugenol*, Limonene*, Linalool*, Citral*
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Self Tanning Spray - Beauty By Earth
Product Details
- Formulated with natural and organic ingredients for a healthier tanning option.
- Non-toxic and free from dyes, sulfates, parabens, and artificial colors.
- Quickly dries and develops a natural bronze color in just a few hours.
- Vegan and certified cruelty-free, supporting ethical and sustainable practices.
- Buildable color options suitable for various skin tones without turning orange.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Natural ingredients provide a sun-kissed glow without toxic effects.
- Does not stain sheets or clothing, perfect for nighttime application.
- Lovely scent without the harsh chemical-like smell of other tanners.
- Does not cause acne or skin irritation, suitable for sensitive skin types.
Cons
- Some users may find spray application challenging and prefer a different applicator like mousse or lotion.
- A few users noted that achieving desired evenness might require reapplication.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, Dihydroxyacetone (DHA), Glycerin (Vegetable), Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Water, Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract, Camellia Sinesis (Green Tea) Flower Extract, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract, Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Extract, Rosmarinus Leaf Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, Calendula Officinalis (Marigold) Flower Extract, Citrus Sinensis (Sweet Orange) Oil, Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Organic Absolute Dark Tanning Cream - Chocolate Sun
Product Details
- Cruelty-free and vegan, ensuring ethical beauty practices.
- Made from organically grown botanicals, nurturing and hydrating your skin.
- Free from harmful chemicals like parabens, mineral oils, and formaldehyde.
- Non-comedogenic, so it won't clog pores, ideal for clear skin.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Made with clean, natural, and organic ingredients, perfect for health-conscious users.
- Gives a beautiful, natural tan without an orange tint, highly praised by users with fair skin.
- Applies easily with a quick drying time, leaving no sticky residue.
- Long-lasting tan that fades evenly without patchiness when skin is moisturized regularly.
- Pleasant scent upon application, making it a delightful sensory experience.
Cons
- Some users with sensitive skin conditions may experience irritation, highlighting the need to check ingredient compatibility.
- A few users noted that the tan can occasionally become splotchy if not applied evenly.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Ph-balanced Distilled Water (Aqua), Ecocert DHA Derived From Sugar Beets (Dihydroxyacetone), Organic Sunflower Seed Oil (Helianthus Annuus), Organic Sweet Almond Oil (Prunus Dulcis), Organic Aloe Vera Gel (Aloe Barbadensis), Organic Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera), Jojoba Oil (Simmondsia Chinensis), Ecocert Cetearyl Olivate (Derived From Olives), Ecocert Sorbitan Olivate (Derived From Olives), Organic Shea Butter (Butyrospermum Parkii), Ecocert Green Tea Leaf Extract (Camellia Sinensis), Ecocert Leucidal Liquid (Natural Preservative Derived From Radish), Potassium Sorbate (Natural Preservative Derived From Fruit), Ecocert Sodium Pcs (Amino Acid), Organic Cocoa Absolute (Theobromo Cacao), Vanilla Extract (Vanilla Panifolia)
Third-party certifications are key indicators of a product's safety, ethics, and environmental impact. Click the icon to verify the certification.
Highlights aren't always verifiable, so you're trusting the brand when they say "lead free", etc. If the highlight icon is "clickable", it means we've verified the highlight.
User satisfaction is calculated using online reviews and a Bayesian average across all personal care and cosmetic products on Welpr.
Invisible Tan - Eco Tan
Product Details
- Made with certified organic and natural ingredients, ensuring a toxin-free application.
- Vegan and cruelty-free, aligning with ethical choices and lifestyles.
- Delivers a natural-looking tan sourced from the cacao plant, avoiding synthetic dyes.
- Achieves a medium bronze glow, suited for medium to olive skin tones.
- Easy to apply with an 'invisible' formula that develops over 8 hours.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Free from harmful chemicals, with natural and organic ingredients.
- Applies smoothly with a pleasant, mild scent that's far from overpowering.
- Delivers a natural-looking tan, avoiding the typical orange tint.
- Stays on without staining clothes or sheets.
- Ideal for sensitive skin, reducing the risk of irritation or breakouts.
Cons
- Some users with fair skin might find the initial application too dark or orangey.
- A few users noted a lingering scent typical to self-tanners.
Ingredients
Ingredients can vary by product variation and may change at any time by the manufacturer. For the most complete and up-to-date list of ingredients, refer to the product packaging.
To analyze individual ingredients, use INCIDecoder.
Ingredients: Aloe Barbadensis (Organic Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice*, Dihydroxyacetone**, Glyceryl Stearate**, Persea Gratissima (Organic Avocado) Fruit Oil*, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil*, Glycerin (Organic Vegetable Derived)*, Cetyl Alcohol**, Potassium Cetyl Phosphate**, Stearic Acid**, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate**, Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract**, Pelargoniun Graveolens (Organic Rose Geranium) Oil*, Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract*, Xanthan Gum**, Lecithin*, Tocopherol**, Alcohol**, Citronellol**, Geraniol,** Linalool (Plant Derived)**, Citral**, Limonene (Fruit Derived)**
Bronze Well Regenerative Glow Drops - True Botanicals
Product Details
- Regenerates and revives the skin for a natural glow.
- Free from toxic ingredients, ensuring safe use for health-conscious individuals.
- Moisturizes the skin while adding a touch of bronze.
- Suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
- Dermatologist-tested for peace of mind and effective results.
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Gives a subtle, natural glow that enhances skin without changing its color.
- Moisturizing formula that feels flattering and light on the skin.
- Works well mixed with sunscreen for a radiant, healthy look.
- Simplifies makeup routine by providing a beautiful, glowing base.
- Suitable for a variety of skin types and ages, including sensitive and aging skin.
Cons
- Some users may initially feel uncertain about the shade but find it blends naturally after use.
Ingredients
Ingredients: Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil*, Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil*, Rosa Canina Fruit Extract*, Salvia Hispanica Seed Extract*, Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil, Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil*, Mica, Calendula Officinalis (Calendula), Tocopherol, Iron Oxides (CI 77499), Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Seed Oil, Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Extract, Amaranthus Caudatus Seed Extract, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Oil, Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Amyris Balsamifera Bark Oil, Canarium Luzonicum Gum Oil, Lavandula Oil/Extract, Rose Flower Oil/Extract, Citrus Limon (Lemon) Leaf Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Root Extract*, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract, Linalool, Limonene, Camphor, Pinene, Geraniol, Geranyl Acetate, Terpineol, Citral, Linalyl Acetate, Terpinolene, Beta-Caryophyllene, Citronellol, Alpha-Terpinene, Farnesol
Common Harmful Chemicals in Self Tanner
Chemical Name
Why it’s harmful
Butylparaben, a chemical used in various products, has been shown to cause skin irritation in humans and potential sensitization in dermatitis patients. Animal studies indicate that it has low to moderate oral toxicity and can cause damage to the liver, spleen, and thymus. It can also lead to cell proliferation in rats' stomachs, though it was not found to be carcinogenic or mutagenic. However, it may negatively impact sperm viability and activity, as demonstrated in different in vitro and in vivo studies. Lastly, it proposed weaker aquatic toxicity compared to parabens with longer alkyl chains, but still showed estrogenic effects in certain fish species.
Ethylparaben is a chemical used as a preservative in various products including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and adhesives. It exhibits low toxicity in humans and animals, but can cause skin irritation, particularly when applied to damaged skin, and may worsen pre-existing skin conditions. Despite causing cell proliferation in rats' forestomachs and chromosomal aberrations in a hamster ovary cell test, it has shown no evidence of causing cancer. However, it was found to be toxic to fetuses at doses toxic to the mother, though it did not cause malformations (nonteratogenic). Interestingly, while it impacted sperm viability in lab conditions, it showed no negative effects on mouse sperm in actuality.
Campaign For Safe Cosmetics: Parabens, Product Profile: Hand Sanitizer, Parabens At A Glance, What to Know About Parabens, The effects of ethylparaben and propylparaben on the development and fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster, Ethylparaben, Amended Safety Assessment of Parabens as Used in Cosmetics, WHAT ARE PARABENS: CHEMICAL FREE LIVING, Biomonitoring Summary
Methylparaben is an antimicrobial preservative used in food, drugs, and cosmetics. Some individuals can develop contact dermatitis on skin exposure, and allergic reactions have been reported on ingestion, though the evidence is not conclusive. Data from animal studies suggest that methylparaben is practically non-toxic and non-irritating in normal skin conditions, with high thresholds for observed adverse effects. However, it showed chromosome aberrations in a cell assay and variable results in different uterotrophic assays. An ecotoxicity study found changes in the expression of certain genes at specific concentrations in male medaka, a type of fish.
Propylparaben is a stable, non-volatile compound utilized as an antimicrobial preservative in food, drugs, and cosmetics. Human exposure can cause sensitization especially if applied to damaged skin and may cause contact sensitivity with high concentrations. Extensive animal studies reveal that propylparaben is relatively non-toxic, yet it can mildly irritate skin, affect sperm counts in substantial levels, and trigger cell proliferation in the forestomach of rats. However, it is not carcinogenic, mutagenic, or clastogenic, and a significant no-observed-adverse-effect level was reported in rats. Ecotoxicity studies show that it can lead to an increase in plasma vitellogenin levels in rainbow trout and a significant decline of vitellogenin production in zebrafish at varying concentrations.
Isobutylparaben belongs to the paraben family of preservatives used in the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care product industries. Parabens mimic estrogen and have been found in breast cancer tumors in some studies. Parabens are commonly found in various personal care products and foods and have been associated with endocrine disruption, skin cancer risk, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and potential behavioral changes in offspring when exposed during gestation.
Isopropylparaben belongs to the parabens family of preservatives utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care sectors. Parabens have estrogen-mimicking properties and pose a potential risk as endocrine disruptors. Research has detected parabens in the breast cancer tumors of a significant number of studied women, raising concerns about their safety and hormonal effects.
Stearyl Alcohol is not significantly toxic in industrial settings, although it can cause liver injury, somnolence, and respiratory depression in experimental animals. It can also induce somnolence in lethal-dose feeding studies on rats. Despite extensive research, no effects of short-term or long-term exposure to these substances have been identified in humans. However, higher alcohols can be irritants.
d-Limonene is a liquid with a lemon-like smell, often used as a solvent to substitute for more volatile and toxic organic solvents. When it comes into contact with air, it can oxidize, and this oxidized form is a known skin sensitizer, capable of irritating skin and eyes. The combination of d-limonene and l-limonene is known as limonene or dipentene. The estimated lethal dose for humans is between 0.5 to 5 g/kg, and studies have shown that it can cause diarrhea and liver effects when ingested in high doses.
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants, consisting of two enantiomers. It is widely used in commercial products for its pleasant floral and spicy scent, serving as a key ingredient in soaps, fragrances, food flavors, household products, and insecticides. In plants, linalool functions as a metabolite, volatile oil component, antimicrobial agent, and aroma compound. Acute exposure to linalool can lead to central depressive effects with symptoms such as ataxia, reduced motor activity, and respiratory disturbances. Additionally, inhalation, oral intake, or skin absorption can result in irritation, pain, and allergic reactions.